 @@ -1,859 +1,863 @@
-.\"	$NetBSD: installboot.8,v 1.69 2008/09/24 19:28:48 reed Exp $
+.\"	$NetBSD: installboot.8,v 1.70 2008/10/02 08:51:22 sborrill Exp $
 .\"
 .\" Copyright (c) 2002-2003 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
 .\" All rights reserved.
 .\"
 .\" This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
 .\" by Luke Mewburn of Wasabi Systems.
 .\"
 .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 .\" are met:
 .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 .\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 .\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 .\"    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 .\"
 .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
 .\" ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
 .\" TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
 .\" PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
 .\" BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
 .\" CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
 .\" SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
 .\" INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
 .\" CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
 .\" ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
 .\" POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 .\"
 .Dd July 5, 2007
 .Dt INSTALLBOOT 8
 .Os
 .Sh NAME
 .Nm installboot
 .Nd install disk bootstrap software
+.
 .Sh SYNOPSIS
 .Nm
 .Op Fl fnv
 .Op Fl B Ar s2bno
 .Op Fl b Ar s1bno
 .Op Fl m Ar machine
 .Op Fl o Ar options
 .Op Fl t Ar fstype
 .Ar filesystem
 .Ar primary
 .Op Ar secondary
 .Nm
 .Fl c
 .Op Fl fnv
 .Op Fl m Ar machine
 .Op Fl o Ar options
 .Op Fl t Ar fstype
 .Ar filesystem
 .Nm
 .Fl e
 .Op Fl fnv
 .Op Fl m Ar machine
 .Op Fl o Ar options
 .Ar bootstrap
+.
 .Sh DESCRIPTION
 The
 .Nm
 utility installs and removes
 .Nx
 disk bootstrap software into a file system.
 .Nm
 can install
 .Ar primary
 into
 .Ar filesystem ,
 or disable an existing bootstrap in
 .Ar filesystem .
 .Pp
 One some architectures the options of an existing installed bootstrap,
 or those of a bootstrap file can be changed.
 .Pp
 Generally,
 .Nx
 disk bootstrap software consists of two parts: a
 .Dq primary
 bootstrap program usually written into the disklabel area of the
 file system by
 .Nm ,
 and a
 .Dq secondary
 bootstrap program that usually resides as an ordinary file in the file system.
 .Pp
 When booting, the primary bootstrap program is loaded and invoked by
 the machine's PROM or BIOS.
 After receiving control of the system it loads and runs the secondary
 bootstrap program, which in turn loads and runs the kernel.
 The secondary bootstrap may allow control over various boot parameters
 passed to the kernel.
 .Pp
 Perform the following steps to make a file system bootable:
 .Bl -enum
 .It
 Copy the secondary bootstrap (usually
 .Pa /usr/mdec/boot. Ns Sy MACHINE
 or
 .Pa /usr/mdec/boot )
 to the root directory of the target file system.
 .Pp
+.
 .It
 Use
 .Nm
 to install the primary bootstrap program
 (usually
 .Pa /usr/mdec/bootxx_ Ns Sy FSTYPE )
 into
 .Ar filesystem .
 .Pp
 The following platforms do not require this step if the primary bootstrap
 already exists and the secondary bootstrap file is just being updated:
 .Sy alpha ,
 .Sy amd64 ,
 .Sy amiga ,
 .Sy i386 ,
 .Sy pmax ,
 .Sy sparc64 ,
 and
 .Sy vax .
 .Pp
 The following platform does not require the first step since a
 single bootstrap file is used.
 The single bootstrap is installed like the primary bootstrap on
 other platforms:
 .Sy next68k .
 .Pp
 .El
 .Pp
 The options and arguments recognized by
 .Nm
 are as follows:
+.
 .Bl -tag -width "optionsxxx"
+.
 .It Fl B Ar s2bno
 When hard-coding the blocks of
 .Ar secondary
 into
 .Ar primary ,
 start from block
 .Ar s2bno
 instead of trying to determine the block numbers occupied by
 .Ar secondary
 by examining
 .Ar filesystem .
 If this option is supplied,
 .Ar secondary
 should refer to an actual secondary bootstrap (rather than the
 file name of the one present in
 .Ar filesystem )
 so that its size can be determined.
+.
 .It Fl b Ar s1bno
 Install
 .Ar primary
 at block number
 .Ar s1bno
 instead of the default location for the machine and file system type.
 .Sy [ alpha ,
 .Sy pmax ,
 .Sy vax ]
+.
 .It Fl c
 Clear (remove) any existing bootstrap instead of installing one.
+.
 .It Fl e
 Edit the options of an existing bootstrap.
 This can be use to change the options in bootxx_xxxfs files,
 raw disk partitions, and the
 .Pa pxeboot_ia32.bin
 file.
 .Sy [ amd64 , i386 ]
+.
 .It Fl f
 Forces
 .Nm
 to ignore some errors.
+.
 .It Fl m Ar machine
 Use
 .Ar machine
 as the target machine type.
 The default machine is determined from
 .Xr uname 3
 and then
 .Ev MACHINE .
 The following machines are currently supported by
 .Nm :
 .Bd -ragged -offset indent
 .Sy alpha ,
 .Sy amd64 ,
 .Sy amiga ,
 .Sy ews4800mips ,
 .Sy hp300 ,
 .Sy hp700 ,
 .Sy i386 ,
 .Sy landisk ,
 .Sy macppc ,
 .Sy news68k ,
 .Sy newsmips ,
 .Sy next68k ,
 .Sy pmax ,
 .Sy sparc ,
 .Sy sparc64 ,
 .Sy sun2 ,
 .Sy sun3 ,
 .Sy vax ,
 .Sy x68k
 .Ed
+.
+.
 .It Fl n
 Do not write to
 .Ar filesystem .
+.
 .It Fl o Ar options
 Machine specific
 .Nm
 options, comma separated.
 .Pp
 Supported options are (with the machines for they are valid in brackets):
+.
 .Bl -tag -offset indent -width alphasum
+.
 .It Sy alphasum
 .Sy [ alpha ]
 Recalculate and restore the Alpha checksum.
 This is the default for
 .Nx Ns Tn /alpha .
+.
 .It Sy append
 .Sy [ alpha ,
 .Sy pmax ,
 .Sy vax ]
 Append
 .Ar primary
 to the end of
 .Ar filesystem ,
 which must be a regular file in this case.
+.
 .It Sy command=\*[Lt]boot command\*[Gt]
 .Sy [ amiga ]
 Modify the default boot command line.
+.
 .It Sy console=\*[Lt]console name\*[Gt]
 .Sy [ amd64 ,
 .Sy i386 ]
 Set the console device, \*[Lt]console name\*[Gt] must be one of:
 pc, com0, com1, com2, com3, com0kbd, com1kbd, com2kbd or com3kbd.
+.
 .It Sy ioaddr=\*[Lt]ioaddr\*[Gt]
 .Sy [ amd64 ,
 .Sy i386 ]
 Set the IO address to be used for the console serial port.
 Defaults to the IO address used by the system BIOS for the specified port.
+.
 .It Sy keymap=\*[Lt]keymap\*[Gt]
 .Sy [ amd64 ,
 .Sy i386 ]
 Set a boot time keyboard translation map.
 Each character in \*[Lt]keymap\*[Gt] will be replaced by the one following it.
 For example, an argument of
 .Dq zyz
 would swap the lowercase letters
 .Sq y
 and
 .Sq z .
+.
 .It Sy password=\*[Lt]password\*[Gt]
 .Sy [ amd64 ,
 .Sy i386 ]
 Set the password which must be entered before the boot menu can be accessed.
+.
 .It Sy resetvideo
 .Sy [ amd64 ,
 .Sy i386 ]
 Reset the video before booting.
+.
 .It Sy speed=\*[Lt]baud rate\*[Gt]
 .Sy [ amd64 ,
 .Sy i386 ]
 Set the baud rate for the serial console.
 If a value of zero is specified, then the current baud rate (set by the
 BIOS) will be used.
+.
 .It Sy sunsum
 .Sy [ alpha ,
 .Sy pmax ,
 .Sy vax ]
 Recalculate and restore the Sun and
 .Nx Ns Tn /sparc
 compatible checksum.
 .Em Note :
 The existing
 .Nx Ns Tn /sparc
 disklabel should use no more than 4 partitions.
+.
 .It Sy timeout=\*[Lt]seconds\*[Gt]
 .Sy [ amd64 ,
 .Sy i386 ]
 Set the timeout before the automatic boot begins to the given number of seconds.
 .El
+.
 .It Fl t Ar fstype
 Use
 .Ar fstype
 as the type of
 .Ar filesystem .
 The default operation is to attempt to auto-detect this setting.
 The following file system types are currently supported by
 .Nm :
+.
 .Bl -tag -offset indent -width raid
+.
 .It Sy ffs
 .Bx
 Fast File System.
+.
 .It Sy raid
 Mirrored RAIDframe File System.
+.
 .It Sy raw
 .Sq Raw
 image.
 Note: if a platform needs to hard-code the block offset of the secondary
 bootstrap, it cannot be searched for on this file system type, and must
 be provided with
 .Fl B Ar s2bno .
 .El
+.
 .It Fl v
 Verbose operation.
+.
 .It Ar filesystem
 The path name of the device or file system image that
 .Nm
 is to operate on.
 It is not necessary for
 .Ar filesystem
 to be a currently mounted file system.
+.
 .It Ar primary
 The path name of the
 .Dq primary
 boot block to install.
+.
 .It Ar secondary
 The path name of the
 .Dq secondary
 boot block,
 relative to the top of
 .Ar filesystem .
 Most systems require
 .Ar secondary
 to be in the
 .Dq root
 directory of the file system, so the leading
 .Dq Pa /
 is not necessary on
 .Ar secondary .
 .Pp
 Only certain combinations of
 platform
 .Pq Fl m Ar machine
 and file system type
 .Pq Fl t Ar fstype
 require that the name of the secondary bootstrap is
 supplied as
 .Ar secondary ,
 so that information such as the disk block numbers occupied
 by the secondary bootstrap can be stored in the primary bootstrap.
 These are:
 .Bl -column "Platform" "File systems" -offset indent
 .It Sy "Platform" Ta Sy "File systems"
 .It macppc Ta ffs, raw
 .It news68k Ta ffs, raw
 .It newsmips Ta ffs, raw
 .It sparc Ta ffs, raid, raw
 .It sun2 Ta ffs, raw
 .It sun3 Ta ffs, raw
 .El
 .El
 .Pp
 .Nm
 exits 0 on success, and \*[Gt]0 if an error occurs.
+.
 .Sh ENVIRONMENT
 .Nm
 uses the following environment variables:
+.
 .Bl -tag -width "MACHINE"
+.
 .It Ev MACHINE
 Default value for
 .Ar machine ,
 overriding the result from
 .Xr uname 3 .
+.
 .El
+.
 .Sh FILES
 Most
 .Nx
 ports will contain variations of the following files:
 .Pp
 .Bl -tag -width /usr/mdec/bootxx_ustarfs
+.
 .It Pa /usr/mdec/bootxx_ Ns Sy FSTYPE
 Primary bootstrap for file system type
 .Sy FSTYPE .
 Installed into the bootstrap area of the file system by
 .Nm .
+.
 .It Pa /usr/mdec/bootxx_fat16
 Primary bootstrap for
 .Tn MS-DOS
 .Sy FAT16
 file systems.
 This differs from
 .Nm bootxx_msdos
 in that it doesn't require the filesystem to have been initialised with
 any
 .Ql reserved sectors .
 It also uses the information in the
 .Ql Boot Parameter Block
 to get the media and filesytem properties.
+.
 .It Pa /usr/mdec/bootxx_ffsv1
 Primary bootstrap for
 .Sy FFSv1
 file systems
 (the "traditional"
 .Nx
 file system).
+.
 .It Pa /usr/mdec/bootxx_ffsv2
 Primary bootstrap for
 .Sy FFSv2
 file systems.
+.
 .It Pa /usr/mdec/bootxx_lfsv1
 Primary bootstrap for
 .Sy LFSv1
 file systems.
+.
 .It Pa /usr/mdec/bootxx_lfsv2
 Primary bootstrap for
 .Sy LFSv2
 file systems
 (the default LFS version).
+.
 .It Pa /usr/mdec/bootxx_msdos
 Primary bootstrap for
 .Tn MS-DOS
 .Sy FAT
 file systems.
+.
 .It Pa /usr/mdec/bootxx_ustarfs
 Primary bootstrap for
 .Sy TARFS
 boot images.
 This is used by various install media.
+.
 .It Pa /usr/mdec/boot. Ns Sy MACHINE
 Secondary bootstrap for machine type
 .Sy MACHINE .
 This should be installed into the file system before
 .Nm
 is run.
+.
 .It Pa /usr/mdec/boot
 Synonym for
 .Pa /usr/mdec/boot. Ns Sy MACHINE
+.
 .It Pa /boot. Ns Sy MACHINE
 Installed copy of secondary bootstrap for machine type
 .Sy MACHINE .
+.
 .It Pa /boot
 Installed copy of secondary bootstrap.
 Searched for by the primary bootstrap if
 .Pa /boot. Ns Sy MACHINE
 is not found.
+.
 .El
+.
 .Ss Nx Ns Tn /macppc files
+.
 .Bl -tag -width /usr/mdec/bootxx_ustarfs
+.
 .It Pa /usr/mdec/bootxx
 .Nx Ns Tn /macppc
 primary bootstrap.
+.
 .It Pa /usr/mdec/ofwboot
 .Nx Ns Tn /macppc
 secondary bootstrap.
+.
 .It Pa /ofwboot
 Installed copy of
 .Nx Ns Tn /macppc
 secondary bootstrap.
+.
 .El
+.
 .Ss Nx Ns Tn /next68k files
+.
 .Bl -tag -width /usr/mdec/bootxx_ustarfs
+.
 .It Pa /usr/mdec/boot
 .Nx Ns Tn /next68k
 bootstrap.
+.
 .El
+.
 .Ss Nx Ns Tn /sparc64 files
+.
 .Bl -tag -width /usr/mdec/bootxx_ustarfs
+.
 .It Pa /usr/mdec/bootblk
 .Nx Ns Tn /sparc64
 primary bootstrap.
+.
 .It Pa /usr/mdec/ofwboot
 .Nx Ns Tn /sparc64
 secondary bootstrap.
+.
 .It Pa /ofwboot
 Installed copy of
 .Nx Ns Tn /sparc64
 secondary bootstrap.
+.
 .El
+.
 .Sh EXAMPLES
+.
 .Ss common
 Verbosely install the Berkeley Fast File System primary bootstrap on to disk
 .Sq sd0 :
 .Dl Ic installboot -v /dev/rsd0c /usr/mdec/bootxx_ffs
 Note: the
 .Dq whole disk
 partition (c on some ports, d on others) is used here, since the a partition
 probably is already opened (mounted as
 .Pa / ) ,
 so
 .Nm
 would not be able to access it.
 .Pp
 Remove the primary bootstrap from disk
 .Sq sd1 :
 .Dl Ic installboot -c /dev/rsd1c
+.
 .Ss Nx Ns Tn /amiga
 Modify the command line to change the default from "netbsd -ASn2" to
 "netbsd -S":
 .Dl Ic installboot -m amiga -o command="netbsd -S" /dev/rsd0a /usr/mdec/bootxx_ffs
+.
 .Ss Nx Ns Tn /ews4800mips
 Install the System V Boot File System primary bootstrap on to disk
 .Sq sd0 ,
 with the secondary bootstrap
 .Sq Pa /boot
 already present in the SysVBFS partition on the disk:
 .Dl Ic installboot /dev/rsd0c /usr/mdec/bootxx_bfs
+.
 .Ss Nx Ns Tn /i386 and Nx Ns Tn /amd64
 Install new boot blocks on an existing mounted root file system on
 .Sq wd0 ,
 setting the timeout to five seconds, after copying a new secondary
 bootstrap:
 .Dl Ic cp /usr/mdec/boot /boot
 .Dl Ic installboot -v -o timeout=5 /dev/rwd0a /usr/mdec/bootxx_ffsv1
+.
 .Pp
 Create a bootable CD-ROM with an ISO9660
 file system for an i386 system with a serial console:
 .Dl Ic mkdir cdrom
 .Dl Ic cp sys/arch/i386/compile/mykernel/netbsd cdrom/netbsd
 .Dl Ic cp /usr/mdec/boot cdrom/boot
 .Dl Ic cp /usr/mdec/bootxx_cd9660 bootxx
 .Dl Ic installboot -o console=com0,speed=19200 -m i386 -e bootxx
 .Dl Ic makefs -t cd9660 -o 'bootimage=i386;bootxx,no-emul-boot' boot.iso \
 	cdrom
+.
 .Pp
 Create a bootable floppy disk with an FFSv1
 file system for a small custom kernel (note: bigger kernels needing
 multiple disks are handled with the ustarfs file system):
 .Dl Ic newfs -s 1440k /dev/rfd0a
 .Bd -ragged -offset indent-two -compact
 .Em Note :
 Ignore the warnings that
 .Xr newfs 8
 displays; it can not write a disklabel,
 which is not a problem for a floppy disk.
 .Ed
 .Dl Ic mount /dev/fd0a /mnt
 .Dl Ic cp /usr/mdec/boot /mnt/boot
 .Dl Ic gzip -9 \*[Lt] sys/arch/i386/compile/mykernel/netbsd \*[Gt] /mnt/netbsd.gz
 .Dl Ic umount /mnt
 .Dl Ic installboot -v /dev/rfd0a /usr/mdec/bootxx_ffsv1
+.
 .Pp
 Create a bootable FAT file system on
 .Sq wd1a ,
 which should have the same offset and size as a FAT primary partition
 in the Master Boot Record (MBR):
 .Dl Ic newfs_msdos -r 16 /dev/rwd1a
 .Bd -ragged -offset indent-two -compact
 .Em Notes :
 The
 .Fl r Ar 16
 is to reserve space for the primary bootstrap.
 .Xr newfs_msdos 8
 will display an
 .Dq MBR type
 such as
 .Ql 1 ,
 .Ql 4 ,
 or
 .Ql 6 ;
 the MBR partition type of the appropriate primary partition should be
 changed to this value.
 .Ed
 .Dl Ic mount -t msdos /dev/wd1a /mnt
 .Dl Ic cp /usr/mdec/boot /mnt/boot
 .Dl Ic cp path/to/kernel /mnt/netbsd
 .Dl Ic umount /mnt
 .Dl Ic installboot -t raw /dev/rwd1a /usr/mdec/bootxx_msdos
 .Pp
 Make the existing FAT16 filesystem on
 .Sq sd0e
 bootable.
 This can be used to make USB memory bootable provided it has 512 byte
 sectors and that the manufacturer correctly initialised the file system.
 .Dl Ic mount -t msdos /dev/sd0e /mnt
 .Dl Ic cp /usr/mdec/boot /mnt/boot
 .Dl Ic cp path/to/kernel /mnt/netbsd
 .Dl Ic umount /mnt
 .Dl Ic installboot /dev/rsd0e /usr/mdec/bootxx_fat16
 It may also be necessary to use
 .Nm fdisk
 to make the device itself bootable.
+.
 .Pp
 Switch the existing installed bootstrap to use a serial console without
 reinstalling or altering other options such as timeout.
 .Dl Ic installboot -e -o console=com0 /dev/rwd0a
 .Ss Nx Ns Tn /macppc
 Note the
 .Nm
 utility is only required for macppc machines with OpenFirmware version 2
 to boot.
 OpenFirmware 3 cannot load bootblocks specified in the Apple partition
 map.
 .Pp
 Install the Berkeley Fast File System primary bootstrap on to disk
 .Sq wd0 :
 .Dl Ic installboot /dev/rwd0c /usr/mdec/bootxx /ofwboot
 .Pp
 The secondary
 .Nx Ns Tn /macppc
 bootstrap is located in
 .Pa /usr/mdec/ofwboot .
 .Pp
 The primary bootstrap requires the raw
 .Pa ofwboot
 for the secondary bootstrap, not
 .Pa ofwboot.xcf ,
 which is used for the OpenFirmware to load kernels.
 .Ss Nx Ns Tn /next68k
 Install the bootstrap on to disk
 .Sq sd0 :
 .Dl Ic installboot /dev/rsd0c /usr/mdec/boot
 .Pp
+.
 .Ss Nx Ns Tn /pmax
 Install the Berkeley Fast File System primary bootstrap on to disk
 .Sq sd0 :
 .Dl Ic installboot /dev/rsd0c /usr/mdec/bootxx_ffs
 .Pp
 .Nx Ns Tn /pmax
 requires that this file system starts at block 0 of the disk.
 .Pp
 Install the ISO 9660 primary bootstrap in the file
 .Pa /tmp/cd-image :
 .Dl Ic installboot -m pmax /tmp/cd-image /usr/mdec/bootxx_cd9660
 .Pp
 Make an ISO 9660 filesystem in the file
 .Pa /tmp/cd-image
 and install the ISO 9660 primary bootstrap in the filesystem, where the
 source directory for the ISO 9660 filesystem contains a kernel, the
 primary bootstrap
 .Pa bootxx_cd9660
 and the secondary bootstrap
 .Pa boot.pmax :
 .Dl Ic mkisofs -o /tmp/cd-image -a -l -v iso-source-dir
 .Dl ...
 .Dl 48 51 iso-source-dir/bootxx_cd9660
 .Dl ...
 .Dl Ic installboot -b `expr 48 \e* 4` /tmp/cd-image /usr/mdec/bootxx_cd9660
+.
 .Ss Nx Ns Tn /sparc
 Install the Berkeley Fast File System primary bootstrap on to disk
 .Sq sd0 ,
 with the secondary bootstrap
 .Sq Pa /boot
 already present:
 .Dl Ic installboot /dev/rsd0c /usr/mdec/bootxx /boot
+.
 .Ss Nx Ns Tn /sparc64
 Install the Berkeley Fast File System primary bootstrap on to disk
 .Sq wd0 :
 .Dl Ic installboot /dev/rwd0c /usr/mdec/bootblk
 .Pp
 The secondary
 .Nx Ns Tn /sparc64
 bootstrap is located in
 .Pa /usr/mdec/ofwboot .
+.
 .Ss Nx Ns Tn /sun2 and Nx Ns Tn /sun3
 Install the Berkeley Fast File System primary bootstrap on to disk
 .Sq sd0 ,
 with the secondary bootstrap
 .Sq Pa /boot
 already present:
 .Dl Ic installboot /dev/rsd0c /usr/mdec/bootxx /boot
+.
 .Sh SEE ALSO
 .Xr uname 3 ,
 .Xr boot 8 ,
 .Xr disklabel 8 ,
 .Xr fdisk 8 ,
 .Xr pxeboot 8
+.
 .Sh HISTORY
 This implementation of
 .Nm
 appeared in
 .Nx 1.6 .
+.
 .Sh AUTHORS
 The machine independent portion of this implementation of
 .Nm
 was written by Luke Mewburn.
 The following people contributed to the various machine dependent
 back-ends:
 Simon Burge (pmax),
 Chris Demetriou (alpha),
 Matthew Fredette (sun2, sun3),
 Matthew Green (sparc64),
 Ross Harvey (alpha),
 Michael Hitch (amiga),
 Paul Kranenburg (sparc),
 David Laight (i386),
 Christian Limpach (next68k),
 Luke Mewburn (macppc),
 Matt Thomas (vax),
 Izumi Tsutsui (news68k, newsmips),
 and
 UCHIYAMA Yasushi (ews4800mips).
+.
 .Sh BUGS
 There are not currently primary bootstraps to support all file systems
 types which are capable of being the root file system.
 .Pp
 If a disk has been converted from
 .Sy FFS
 to
 .Sy RAID
 without the contents of the disk erased, then the original
 .Sy FFS
 installation may be auto-detected instead of the
 .Sy RAID
 installation.
 In this case, the
 .Fl t Ar raid
 option must be provided.
+.
 .Ss Nx Ns Tn /alpha
 The
 .Nx Ns Tn /alpha
 primary bootstrap program can only load the secondary bootstrap program
 from file systems starting at the beginning (block 0) of disks.
 Similarly, the secondary bootstrap program can only load kernels from
 file systems starting at the beginning of disks.
 .Pp
 The size of primary bootstrap programs is restricted to 7.5KB, even
 though some file systems (e.g., ISO 9660) are able to accommodate larger
 ones.
+.
 .Ss Nx Ns Tn /hp300
 The disk must have a boot partition large enough to hold the bootstrap code.
 Currently the primary bootstrap must be a LIF format file.
+.
 .Ss Nx Ns Tn /i386 and Nx Ns Tn /amd64
 The bootstrap must be installed in the
 .Nx
 partition that starts at the beginning of the mbr partition.
 If that is a valid filesystem and contains the
 .Pa /boot
 program then it will be used as the root filesystem, otherwise the
 .Sq a
 partition will be booted.
 .Pp
 The size of primary bootstrap programs is restricted to 8KB, even
 though some file systems (e.g., ISO 9660) are able to accommodate larger
 ones.
+.
 .Ss Nx Ns Tn /macppc
 Due to restrictions in
 .Nm
 and the secondary bootstrap implementation, file systems where kernels exist
 must start at the beginning of disks.
 .Pp
 Currently,
 .Nm
 doesn't recognize an existing Apple partition map on the disk
 and always writes a faked map to make disks bootable.
 .Pp
 The
 .Nx Ns Tn /macppc
 bootstrap program can't load kernels from
 .Sy FFSv2
 partitions.
 .Ss Nx Ns Tn /next68k
 The size of bootstrap programs is restricted to the free space before
 the file system at the beginning of the disk minus 8KB.
+.
 .Ss Nx Ns Tn /pmax
 The
 .Nx Ns Tn /pmax
 secondary bootstrap program can only load kernels from file
 systems starting at the beginning of disks.
 .Pp
 The size of primary bootstrap programs is restricted to 7.5KB, even
 though some file systems (e.g., ISO 9660) are able to accommodate larger
 ones.
+.
 .Ss Nx Ns Tn /sun2 and Nx Ns Tn /sun3
 The
 .Nx Ns Tn /sun2
 and
 .Nx Ns Tn /sun3
 secondary bootstrap program can only load kernels from file
 systems starting at the beginning of disks.
+.
 .Ss Nx Ns Tn /vax
 The
 .Nx Ns Tn /vax
 secondary bootstrap program can only load kernels from file systems
 starting at the beginning of disks.
 .Pp
 The size of primary bootstrap programs is restricted to 7.5KB, even
 though some file systems (e.g., ISO 9660) are able to accommodate larger
 ones.