 @@ -1,407 +1,407 @@
-.\"	$NetBSD: gettext.3,v 1.11 2004/11/10 13:46:14 wiz Exp $
+.\"	$NetBSD: gettext.3,v 1.12 2009/11/12 00:43:52 joerg Exp $
 .\"
 .\" Copyright (c) 2000 Citrus Project,
 .\" All rights reserved.
 .\"
 .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 .\" are met:
 .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 .\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 .\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 .\"    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 .\"
 .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
 .\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 .\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 .\" ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 .\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 .\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 .\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 .\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 .\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 .\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 .\" SUCH DAMAGE.
 .\"
 .Dd November 10, 2004
 .Dt GETTEXT 3
 .Os
 .Sh NAME
 .Nm gettext ,
 .Nm dgettext ,
 .Nm ngettext ,
 .Nm dngettext ,
 .Nm textdomain ,
 .Nm bindtextdomain ,
 .Nm bind_textdomain_codeset ,
 .Nm dcgettext ,
 .Nm dcngettext
 .Nd message handling functions
 .Sh LIBRARY
 .Lb libintl
 .Sh SYNOPSIS
 .In libintl.h
 .Ft char *
 .Fn gettext "const char *msgid"
 .Ft char *
 .Fn dgettext "const char *domainname" "const char *msgid"
 .Ft char *
 .Fn ngettext "const char *msgid1" "const char *msgid2" "unsigned long int n"
 .Ft char *
 .Fn dngettext "const char *domainname" "const char *msgid1" "const char *msgid2" "unsigned long int n"
 .Ft char *
 .Fn textdomain "const char *domainname"
 .Ft char *
 .Fn bindtextdomain "const char *domainname" "const char *dirname"
 .Ft char *
 .Fn bind_textdomain_codeset "const char *domainname" "const char *codeset"
 .In libintl.h
 .In locale.h
 .Ft char *
 .Fn dcgettext "const char *domainname" "const char *msgid" "int category"
 .Ft char *
 .Fn dcngettext "const char *domainname" "const char *msgid1" "const char *msgid2" "unsigned long int n" "int category"
 .Sh DESCRIPTION
 The
 .Fn gettext ,
 .Fn dgettext ,
 and
 .Fn dcgettext
 functions attempt to retrieve a
 target string based on the specified
 .Fa msgid
 argument within the context of a
 specific domain and the current locale.
 The length of strings returned by
 .Fn gettext ,
 .Fn dgettext ,
 and
 .Fn dcgettext
 is undetermined until the function is
 called.
 The
 .Fa msgid
 argument is a nul-terminated string.
 .Pp
 The
 .Fn ngettext ,
 .Fn dngettext ,
 and
 .Fn dcngettext
 functions are equivalent to
 .Fn gettext ,
 .Fn dgettext ,
 and
 .Fn dcgettext ,
 respectively, except for the handling of
 plural forms.
 The
 .Fn ngettext ,
 .Fn dngettext ,
 and
 .Fn dcngettext
 functions search for the
 message string using the
 .Fa msgid1
 argument as the key, using the argument
 .Fa n
 to
 determine the plural form.
 If no message catalogs are found,
 .Fa msgid1
 is returned
 if
 .Fa n Li == 1 ,
 otherwise
 .Fa msgid2
 is returned.
 .Pp
 The
 .Dv LANGUAGE
 environment variable is examined first to determine the message
 catalogs to be used.
 The value of the
 .Dv LANGUAGE
 environment variable is a list
 of locale names separated by colon (:) character.
 If the
 .Dv LANGUAGE
 environment
 variable is defined, each locale name is tried in the specified order and if a
 message catalog containing the requested message is found, the message is
 returned.
 If the
 .Dv LANGUAGE
 environment variable is defined but failed to locate
 a message catalog, the
 .Fa msgid
 string will be returned.
 .Pp
 If the
 .Dv LANGUAGE
 environment variable is not defined,
 .Dv LC_ALL ,
 .Dv LC_xxx ,
 and
 .Dv LANG
 environment variables are examined to locate the message catalog,
 following the convention used by the
 .Xr setlocale 3
 function.
 .Pp
 The pathname used to locate the message catalog is
 .Pa dirname/locale/category/domainname.mo ,
 where dirname is the directory specified by
 .Fn bindtextdomain ,
 locale is a locale name determined by the definition of environment variables,
 .Fa category
 is
 .Dv LC_MESSAGES
 if
 .Fn gettext ,
 .Fn ngettext ,
 .Fn dgettext ,
 or
 .Fn dngettext
 is
 called, otherwise
 .Dv LC_xxx
 where the name is the same as the locale category name
 specified by the
 .Fa category
 argument of
 .Fn dcgettext
 or
 .Fn dcngettext .
 .Fa domainname
 is the name of the domain specified by
 .Fn textdomain
 or the
 .Fa domainname
 argument of
 .Fn dgettext ,
 .Fn dngettext ,
 .Fn dcgettext ,
 or
 .Fn dcngettext .
 .Pp
 For
 .Fn gettext
 and
 .Fn ngettext ,
 the domain used is set by the last valid call to
 .Fn textdomain .
 If a valid call to
 .Fn textdomain
 has not been made, the default
 domain (called messages) is used.
 .Pp
 For
 .Fn dgettext ,
 .Fn dngettext ,
 .Fn dcgettext ,
 and
 .Fn dcngettext ,
 the domain used is
 specified by the
 .Fa domainname
 argument.
 The
 .Fa domainname
 argument is equivalent in
 syntax and meaning to the
 .Fa domainname
 argument to
 .Fn textdomain ,
 except that the
 selection of the domain is valid only for the duration of the
 .Fn dgettext ,
 .Fn dngettext ,
 .Fn dcgettext ,
 or
 .Fn dcngettext
 function call.
 .Pp
 The
 .Fn dcgettext
 and
 .Fn dcngettext
 functions require additional argument
 .Fa category
 for retrieving message string for other than
 .Dv LC_MESSAGES
 category.
 Available value for the
 .Fa category
 argument are
 .Dv LC_CTYPE ,
 .Dv LC_COLLATE ,
 .Dv LC_MESSAGES ,
 .Dv LC_MONETARY ,
 .Dv LC_NUMERIC ,
 and
 .Dv LC_TIME .
 The call of
 .Fn dcgettext "domainname" "msgid" "LC_MESSAGES"
 is equivalent to
 .Fn dgettext "domainname" "msgid" .
 Note that
 .Dv LC_ALL
 must not be used.
 .Pp
 The
 .Fn textdomain
 function sets or queries the name of the current domain of the
 active
 .Dv LC_MESSAGES
 locale category.
 The
 .Fa domainname
 argument is a
 nul-terminated string that can contain only the characters allowed in legal
 filenames.
 .Pp
 The
 .Fa domainname
 argument is the unique name of a domain on the system.
 If there
 are multiple versions of the same domain on one system, namespace collisions
 can be avoided by using
 .Fn bindtextdomain .
 If
 .Fn textdomain
 is not called, a
 default domain is selected.
 The setting of domain made by the last valid call
 to
 .Fn textdomain
 remains valid across subsequent calls to
 .Xr setlocale 3 ,
 and
 .Fn gettext .
 .Pp
 The
 .Fa domainname
 argument is applied to the currently active LC_MESSAGES locale.
 .Pp
 The current setting of the domain can be queried without affecting the current
 state of the domain by calling
 .Fn textdomain
 with
 .Fa domainname
 set to the
 .Dv NULL
 pointer.
 Calling
 .Fn textdomain
 with a
 .Fa domainname
 argument of a
 .Dv NULL
 string sets
 the domain to the default domain
 .Pq messages .
 .Pp
 The
 .Fn bindtextdomain
 function binds the path predicate for a message domain
 .Fa domainname
 to the value contained in dirname.
 If
 .Fa domainname
 is a non-empty
 string and has not been bound previously,
 .Fn bindtextdomain
 binds
 .Fa domainname
 with
 .Fa dirname .
 .Pp
 If
 .Fa domainname
 is a non-empty string and has been bound previously,
 .Fn bindtextdomain
 replaces the old binding with dirname.
 The dirname argument
 can be an absolute pathname being resolved when
 .Fn gettext ,
 .Fn ngettext ,
 .Fn dgettext ,
 .Fn dngettext ,
 .Fn dcgettext ,
 or
 .Fn dcngettext
 are called.
 If
 .Fa domainname
 is a
 .Dv NULL
 pointer or an empty string,
 .Fn bindtextdomain
 returns a
 .Dv NULL
 pointer.
 If
 .Fn bindtextdomain
 is not called, implementation-defined default directory is used.
 .Pp
 The
 .Fn bind_textdomain_codeset
 function can be used to specify the output
 .Fa codeset
 for message catalogs for domain
 .Fa domainname .
 The
 .Fa codeset
 argument must
 be a valid codeset name which can be used for the
 .Xr iconv_open 3
 function.
 .Pp
 If the
 .Fa codeset
 argument is the
 .Dv NULL
 pointer,
 .Fn bind_textdomain_codeset
 returns the currently selected
 .Fa codeset
 for the domain with the name
 .Fa domainname .
 It returns a
 .Dv NULL
 pointer if no
 .Fa codeset
 has yet been selected.
 .Pp
 The
 .Fn bind_textdomain_codeset
 function can be used several times.
 If used multiple times, with the same
 .Fa domainname
 argument,
 the later call overrides the
 settings made by the earlier one.
 .Pp
 The
 .Fn bind_textdomain_codeset
 function returns a pointer to a string containing
 the name of the selected
 .Fa codeset .
 .\".Sh "RETURN VALUES"
 .\".Sh EXAMPLES
 .Sh SEE ALSO
 .Xr setlocale 3 ,
 .Xr nls 7
 .\".Sh STANDARDS
 .Sh HISTORY
 The functions are implemented by Citrus project,
 based on the documentations for GNU gettext.
 .Sh BUGS
-\." The text was ripped off from Annex C of
+.\" The text was ripped off from Annex C of
-\." .Dq LI18NUX 2000 Globalization Specification Version 1.0 .
+.\" .Dq LI18NUX 2000 Globalization Specification Version 1.0 .
-\." .Pp
+.\" .Pp
 .Fn bind_textdomain_codeset
 does not work at this moment
 .Pq it always fails .

 @@ -1,350 +1,350 @@
-.\"	$NetBSD: tr.1,v 1.17 2009/08/22 00:23:02 joerg Exp $
+.\"	$NetBSD: tr.1,v 1.18 2009/11/12 00:43:53 joerg Exp $
 .\"
 .\" Copyright (c) 1991, 1993
 .\"	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
 .\"
 .\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
 .\" the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.
 .\"
 .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 .\" are met:
 .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 .\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 .\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 .\"    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 .\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
 .\"    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
 .\"    without specific prior written permission.
 .\"
 .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
 .\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 .\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 .\" ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 .\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 .\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 .\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 .\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 .\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 .\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 .\" SUCH DAMAGE.
 .\"
 .\"     @(#)tr.1	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93
 .\"
 .Dd March 23, 2004
 .Dt TR 1
 .Os
 .Sh NAME
 .Nm tr
 .Nd translate characters
 .Sh SYNOPSIS
 .Nm
 .Op Fl cs
 .Ar string1 string2
 .Nm
 .Op Fl c
 .Fl d
 .Ar string1
 .Nm
 .Op Fl c
 .Fl s
 .Ar string1
 .Nm
 .Op Fl c
 .Fl ds
 .Ar string1 string2
 .Sh DESCRIPTION
 The
 .Nm
 utility copies the standard input to the standard output with substitution
 or deletion of selected characters.
 .Pp
 The following options are available:
 .Bl -tag -width Ds
 .It Fl c
 Complements the set of characters in
 .Ar string1 ,
 that is
 .Fl c Ar \&ab
 includes every character except for
 .Sq a
 and
 .Sq b .
 .It Fl d
 The
 .Fl d
 option causes characters to be deleted from the input.
 .It Fl s
 The
 .Fl s
 option squeezes multiple occurrences of the characters listed in the last
 operand (either
 .Ar string1
 or
 .Ar string2 )
 in the input into a single instance of the character.
 This occurs after all deletion and translation is completed.
 .El
 .Pp
 In the first synopsis form, the characters in
 .Ar string1
 are translated into the characters in
 .Ar string2
 where the first character in
 .Ar string1
 is translated into the first character in
 .Ar string2
 and so on.
 If
 .Ar string1
 is longer than
 .Ar string2 ,
 the last character found in
 .Ar string2
 is duplicated until
 .Ar string1
 is exhausted.
 .Pp
 In the second synopsis form, the characters in
 .Ar string1
 are deleted from the input.
 .Pp
 In the third synopsis form, the characters in
 .Ar string1
 are compressed as described for the
 .Fl s
 option.
 .Pp
 In the fourth synopsis form, the characters in
 .Ar string1
 are deleted from the input, and the characters in
 .Ar string2
 are compressed as described for the
 .Fl s
 option.
 .Pp
 The following conventions can be used in
 .Ar string1
 and
 .Ar string2
 to specify sets of characters:
 .Bl -tag -width [:equiv:]
 .It character
 Any character not described by one of the following conventions
 represents itself.
 .It \eoctal
 A backslash followed by 1, 2 or 3 octal digits represents a character
 with that encoded value.
 To follow an octal sequence with a digit as a character, left zero-pad
 the octal sequence to the full 3 octal digits.
 .It \echaracter
 A backslash followed by certain special characters maps to special
 values.
 .sp
 .Bl -column cc
 .It \ea	\*[Lt]alert character\*[Gt]
 .It \eb	\*[Lt]backspace\*[Gt]
 .It \ef	\*[Lt]form-feed\*[Gt]
 .It \en	\*[Lt]newline\*[Gt]
 .It \er	\*[Lt]carriage return\*[Gt]
 .It \et	\*[Lt]tab\*[Gt]
 .It \ev	\*[Lt]vertical tab\*[Gt]
 .El
 .sp
 A backslash followed by any other character maps to that character.
 .It c-c
 Represents the range of characters between the range endpoints, inclusively.
 .It [:class:]
 Represents all characters belonging to the defined character class.
 Class names are:
 .sp
 .Bl -column xdigit
 .It alnum	\*[Lt]alphanumeric characters\*[Gt]
 .It alpha	\*[Lt]alphabetic characters\*[Gt]
 .It blank	\*[Lt]blank characters\*[Gt]
 .It cntrl	\*[Lt]control characters\*[Gt]
 .It digit	\*[Lt]numeric characters\*[Gt]
 .It graph	\*[Lt]graphic characters\*[Gt]
 .It lower	\*[Lt]lower-case alphabetic characters\*[Gt]
 .It print	\*[Lt]printable characters\*[Gt]
 .It punct	\*[Lt]punctuation characters\*[Gt]
 .It space	\*[Lt]space characters\*[Gt]
 .It upper	\*[Lt]upper-case characters\*[Gt]
 .It xdigit	\*[Lt]hexadecimal characters\*[Gt]
 .El
 .Pp
-\." All classes may be used in
+.\" All classes may be used in
-\." .Ar string1 ,
+.\" .Ar string1 ,
-\." and in
+.\" and in
-\." .Ar string2
+.\" .Ar string2
-\." when both the
+.\" when both the
-\." .Fl d
+.\" .Fl d
-\." and
+.\" and
-\." .Fl s
+.\" .Fl s
-\." options are specified.
+.\" options are specified.
-\." Otherwise, only the classes ``upper'' and ``lower'' may be used in
+.\" Otherwise, only the classes ``upper'' and ``lower'' may be used in
-\." .Ar string2
+.\" .Ar string2
-\." and then only when the corresponding class (``upper'' for ``lower''
+.\" and then only when the corresponding class (``upper'' for ``lower''
-\." and vice-versa) is specified in the same relative position in
+.\" and vice-versa) is specified in the same relative position in
-\." .Ar string1 .
+.\" .Ar string1 .
-\." .Pp
+.\" .Pp
 With the exception of the
 .Dq upper
 and
 .Dq lower
 classes, characters in the classes are in unspecified order.
 In the
 .Dq upper
 and
 .Dq lower
 classes, characters are entered in ascending order.
 .Pp
 For specific information as to which ASCII characters are included
 in these classes, see
 .Xr ctype 3
 and related manual pages.
 .It [=equiv=]
 Represents all characters or collating (sorting) elements belonging to
 the same equivalence class as
 .Ar equiv .
 If there is a secondary ordering within the equivalence class, the
 characters are ordered in ascending sequence.
 Otherwise, they are ordered after their encoded values.
 An example of an equivalence class might be
 .Dq \&c
 and
 .Dq \&ch
 in Spanish;
 English has no equivalence classes.
 .It [#*n]
 Represents
 .Ar n
 repeated occurrences of the character represented by
 .Ar # .
 This
 expression is only valid when it occurs in
 .Ar string2 .
 If
 .Ar n
 is omitted or is zero, it is interpreted as large enough to extend
 .Ar string2
 sequence to the length of
 .Ar string1 .
 If
 .Ar n
 has a leading zero, it is interpreted as an octal value, otherwise,
 it's interpreted as a decimal value.
 .El
 .Sh EXIT STATUS
 .Nm
 exits 0 on success, and \*[Gt]0 if an error occurs.
 .Sh EXAMPLES
 The following examples are shown as given to the shell:
 .Pp
 Create a list of the words in
 .Ar file1 ,
 one per line, where a word is taken to be a maximal string of letters:
 .sp
 .D1 Li "tr -cs \*q[:alpha:]\*q \*q\en\*q \*[Lt] file1"
 .sp
 Translate the contents of
 .Ar file1
 to upper-case:
 .sp
 .D1 Li "tr \*q[:lower:]\*q \*q[:upper:]\*q \*[Lt] file1"
 .sp
 Strip out non-printable characters from
 .Ar file1 :
 .sp
 .D1 Li "tr -cd \*q[:print:]\*q \*[Lt] file1"
 .Sh COMPATIBILITY
 .At V
 has historically implemented character ranges using the syntax
 .Dq [c-c]
 instead of the
 .Dq c-c
 used by historic
 .Bx
 implementations and standardized by POSIX.
 .At V
 shell scripts should work under this implementation as long as
 the range is intended to map in another range, i.e. the command
 .Pp
 .Ic "tr [a-z] [A-Z]"
 .Pp
 will work as it will map the
 .Sq \&[
 character in
 .Ar string1
 to the
 .Sq \&[
 character in
 .Ar string2 .
 However, if the shell script is deleting or squeezing characters as in
 the command
 .Pp
 .Ic "tr -d [a-z]"
 .Pp
 the characters
 .Sq \&[
 and
 .Sq \&]
 will be included in the deletion or compression list which would
 not have happened under an historic
 .At V
 implementation.
 Additionally, any scripts that depended on the sequence
 .Dq a-z
 to represent the three characters
 .Sq \&a ,
 .Sq \&- ,
 and
 .Sq \&z
 will have to be rewritten as
 .Dq a\e-z .
 .Pp
 The
 .Nm
 utility has historically not permitted the manipulation of NUL bytes in
 its input and, additionally, stripped NUL's from its input stream.
 This implementation has removed this behavior as a bug.
 .Pp
 The
 .Nm
 utility has historically been extremely forgiving of syntax errors,
 for example, the
 .Fl c
 and
 .Fl s
 options were ignored unless two strings were specified.
 This implementation will not permit illegal syntax.
 .Sh STANDARDS
 The
 .Nm
 utility is expected to be
 .St -p1003.2
 compatible.
 It should be noted that the feature wherein the last character of
 .Ar string2
 is duplicated if
 .Ar string2
 has less characters than
 .Ar string1
 is permitted by POSIX but is not required.
 Shell scripts attempting to be portable to other POSIX systems should use
 the
 .Dq [#*]
 convention instead of relying on this behavior.
 .Sh BUGS
 .Nm
 was originally designed to work with
 .Tn US-ASCII .
 Its use with character sets that do not share all the properties of
 .Tn US-ASCII ,
 e.g., a symmetric set of upper and lower case characters
 that can be algorithmically converted one to the other,
 may yield unpredictable results.
 .Pp
 .Nm
 should be internationalized.