 @@ -1,1285 +1,1284 @@
-.\" 	$NetBSD: ftp.1,v 1.139 2020/07/15 16:41:16 pgoyette Exp $
+.\" 	$NetBSD: ftp.1,v 1.140 2020/07/15 17:36:38 uwe Exp $
 .\"
 .\" Copyright (c) 1996-2020 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
 .\" All rights reserved.
 .\"
 .\" This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
 .\" by Luke Mewburn.
 .\"
 .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 .\" are met:
 .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 .\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 .\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 .\"    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 .\"
 .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
 .\" ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
 .\" TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
 .\" PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
 .\" BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
 .\" CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
 .\" SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
 .\" INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
 .\" CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
 .\" ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
 .\" POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 .\"
 .\"
 .\" Copyright (c) 1985, 1989, 1990, 1993
 .\"	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
 .\"
 .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 .\" are met:
 .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 .\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 .\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 .\"    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 .\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
 .\"    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
 .\"    without specific prior written permission.
 .\"
 .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
 .\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 .\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 .\" ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 .\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 .\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 .\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 .\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 .\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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 .\" SUCH DAMAGE.
 .\"
 .\"	@(#)ftp.1	8.3 (Berkeley) 10/9/94
 .\"
 .Dd July 15, 2020
 .Dt FTP 1
 .Os
 .Sh NAME
 .Nm ftp
 .Nd Internet file transfer program
 .Sh SYNOPSIS
 .Nm
 .Op Fl 46AadefginpRtVv
 .Op Fl N Ar netrc
 .Op Fl o Ar output
 .Op Fl P Ar port
 .Op Fl q Ar quittime
 .Op Fl r Ar retry
 .Op Fl s Ar srcaddr
 .Bk -words
 .\" [-T dir,max[,inc]]
 .Oo
 .Fl T Xo
 .Sm off
 .Ar dir ,
 .Ar max
 .Op , Ar inc
 .Sm on
 .Xc
 .Oc
 .Ek
 .Op Fl x Ar xfersize
 .Bk -words
 .\" [[user@]host [port]]
 .Oo
 .Oo Ar user Ns Li \&@ Oc Ns Ar host Oo Ar port Oc
 .Oc
 .Ek
 .Bk -words
 .\" [[user@]host:[path][/]]
 .Sm off
 .Oo
 .Op Ar user Li \&@
 .Ar host Li \&:
 .Op Ar path
 .Op Li /
 .Oc
 .Sm on
 .Ek
 .Bk -words
 .\" [file:///path]
 .Sm off
 .Oo
 .Li file:/// Ar path
 .Oc
 .Sm on
 .Ek
 .Bk -words
 .\" [ftp://[user[:password]@]host[:port]/path[/]]
 .Sm off
 .Oo
 .Li ftp://
 .Oo Ar user
 .Op Li \&: Ar password
 .Li \&@ Oc
 .Ar host Oo Li \&: Ar port Oc
 .Li / Ar path
 .Op Li /
 .Op Li ;type= Ar X
 .Oc
 .Sm on
 .Ek
 .Bk -words
 .\" [http://[user[:password]@]host[:port]/path]
 .Sm off
 .Oo
 .Li http://
 .Oo Ar user
 .Op Li \&: Ar password
 .Li \&@ Oc
 .Ar host Oo Li \&: Ar port Oc
 .Li / Ar path
 .Oc
 .Sm on
 .Ek
-.Op Ar \&.\&.\&.
+.Ar \&...
 .Nm
 .Bk -words
-.Fl u Ar url Ar file
+.Fl u Ar url Ar
 .Ek
 .Op Ar \&.\&.\&.
 .Sh DESCRIPTION
 .Nm
 is the user interface to the Internet standard File Transfer Protocol.
 The program allows a user to transfer files to and from a
 remote network site.
 .Pp
 The last five arguments will fetch a file using the
 .Tn FTP
 or
 .Tn HTTP
 protocols, or by direct copying, into the current directory.
 This is ideal for scripts.
 Refer to
 .Sx AUTO-FETCHING FILES
 below for more information.
 .Pp
 Options may be specified at the command line, or to the
 command interpreter.
 .Bl -tag -width Fl
 .It Fl 4
 Forces
 .Nm
 to only use IPv4 addresses.
 .It Fl 6
 Forces
 .Nm
 to only use IPv6 addresses.
 .It Fl A
 Force active mode ftp.
 By default,
 .Nm
 will try to use passive mode ftp and fall back to active mode
 if passive is not supported by the server.
 This option causes
 .Nm
 to always use an active connection.
 It is only useful for connecting to very old servers that do not
 implement passive mode properly.
 .It Fl a
 Causes
 .Nm
 to bypass normal login procedure, and use an anonymous login instead.
 .It Fl d
 Enables debugging.
 .It Fl e
 Disables command line editing.
 This is useful for Emacs ange-ftp mode.
 .It Fl f
 Forces a cache reload for transfers that go through the
 .Tn FTP
 or
 .Tn HTTP
 proxies.
 .It Fl g
 Disables file name globbing.
 .It Fl i
 Turns off interactive prompting during
 multiple file transfers.
 .It Fl N Ar netrc
 Use
 .Ar netrc
 instead of
 .Pa ~/.netrc .
 Refer to
 .Sx THE .netrc FILE
 for more information.
 .It Fl n
 Restrains
 .Nm
 from attempting
 .Dq auto-login
 upon initial connection for non auto-fetch transfers.
 If auto-login is enabled,
 .Nm
 will check the
 .Pa .netrc
 (see below) file in the user's home directory for an entry describing
 an account on the remote machine.
 If no entry exists,
 .Nm
 will prompt for the remote machine login name (default is the user
 identity on the local machine), and, if necessary, prompt for a password
 and an account with which to login.
 To override the auto-login for auto-fetch transfers, specify the
 username (and optionally, password) as appropriate.
 .It Fl o Ar output
 When auto-fetching files, save the contents in
 .Ar output .
 .Ar output
 is parsed according to the
 .Sx FILE NAMING CONVENTIONS
 below.
 If
 .Ar output
 is not
 .Sq -
 or doesn't start with
 .Sq \&| ,
 then only the first file specified will be retrieved into
 .Ar output ;
 all other files will be retrieved into the basename of their
 remote name.
 .It Fl P Ar port
 Sets the port number to
 .Ar port .
 .It Fl p
 Enable passive mode operation for use behind connection filtering firewalls.
 This option has been deprecated as
 .Nm
 now tries to use passive mode by default, falling back to active mode
 if the server does not support passive connections.
 .It Fl q Ar quittime
 Quit if the connection has stalled for
 .Ar quittime
 seconds.
 .It Fl R
 Restart all non-proxied auto-fetches.
 .It Fl r Ar wait
 Retry the connection attempt if it failed, pausing for
 .Ar wait
 seconds.
 .It Fl s Ar srcaddr
 Uses
 .Ar srcaddr
 as the local IP address for all connections.
 .It Fl t
 Enables packet tracing.
 .It Fl T Ar direction Ns , Ns Ar maximum Ns Oo , Ns Ar increment Oc
 Set the maximum transfer rate for
 .Ar direction
 to
 .Ar maximum
 bytes/second,
 and if specified, the increment to
 .Ar increment
 bytes/second.
 Refer to
 .Ic rate
 for more information.
-.It Fl u Ar url file Op \&.\&.\&.
+.It Fl u Ar url Ar
 Upload files on the command line to
 .Ar url
 where
 .Ar url
 is one of the ftp URL types as supported by auto-fetch
 (with an optional target filename for single file uploads), and
 .Ar file
 is one or more local files to be uploaded.
 .It Fl V
 Disable
 .Ic verbose
 and
 .Ic progress ,
 overriding the default of enabled when output is to a terminal.
 .It Fl v
 Enable
 .Ic verbose
 and
 .Ic progress .
 This is the default if output is to a terminal (and in the case of
 .Ic progress ,
 .Nm
 is the foreground process).
 Forces
 .Nm
 to show all responses from the remote server, as well
 as report on data transfer statistics.
 .It Fl x Ar xfersize
 Set the size of the socket send and receive buffers to
 .Ar xfersize .
 Refer to
 .Ic xferbuf
 for more information.
 .El
 .Pp
 The client host with which
 .Nm
 is to communicate may be specified on the command line.
 If this is done,
 .Nm
 will immediately attempt to establish a connection to an
 .Tn FTP
 server on that host; otherwise,
 .Nm
 will enter its command interpreter and await instructions
 from the user.
 When
 .Nm
 is awaiting commands from the user the prompt
 .Ql ftp>
 is provided to the user.
 The following commands are recognized
 by
 .Nm ftp :
 .Bl -tag -width Ic
 .It Ic \&! Op Ar command Op Ar args
 Invoke an interactive shell on the local machine.
 If there are arguments, the first is taken to be a command to execute
 directly, with the rest of the arguments as its arguments.
 .It Ic \&$ Ar macro-name Op Ar args
 Execute the macro
 .Ar macro-name
 that was defined with the
 .Ic macdef
 command.
 Arguments are passed to the macro unglobbed.
 .It Ic account Op Ar passwd
 Supply a supplemental password required by a remote system for access
 to resources once a login has been successfully completed.
 If no argument is included, the user will be prompted for an account
 password in a non-echoing input mode.
 .It Ic append Ar local-file Op Ar remote-file
 Append a local file to a file on the remote machine.
 If
 .Ar remote-file
 is left unspecified, the local file name is used in naming the
 remote file after being altered by any
 .Ic ntrans
 or
 .Ic nmap
 setting.
 File transfer uses the current settings for
 .Ic type  ,
 .Ic format ,
 .Ic mode  ,
 and
 .Ic structure .
 .It Ic ascii
 Set the file transfer
 .Ic type
 to network
 .Tn ASCII .
 This is the default type.
 .It Ic bell
 Arrange that a bell be sounded after each file transfer
 command is completed.
 .It Ic binary
 Set the file transfer
 .Ic type
 to support binary image transfer.
 .It Ic bye
 Terminate the
 .Tn FTP
 session with the remote server
 and exit
 .Nm ftp .
 An end of file will also terminate the session and exit.
 .It Ic case
 Toggle remote computer file name case mapping during
 .Ic get ,
 .Ic mget
 and
 .Ic mput
 commands.
 When
 .Ic case
 is on (default is off), remote computer file names with all letters in
 upper case are written in the local directory with the letters mapped
 to lower case.
 .It Ic \&cd Ar remote-directory
 Change the working directory on the remote machine
 to
 .Ar remote-directory .
 .It Ic cdup
 Change the remote machine working directory to the parent of the
 current remote machine working directory.
 .It Ic chmod Ar mode remote-file
 Change the permission modes of the file
 .Ar remote-file
 on the remote
 system to
 .Ar mode .
 .It Ic close
 Terminate the
 .Tn FTP
 session with the remote server, and
 return to the command interpreter.
 Any defined macros are erased.
 .It Ic \&cr
 Toggle carriage return stripping during
 ascii type file retrieval.
 Records are denoted by a carriage return/linefeed sequence
 during ascii type file transfer.
 When
 .Ic \&cr
 is on (the default), carriage returns are stripped from this
 sequence to conform with the
 .Ux
 single linefeed record
 delimiter.
 Records on
 .Pf non\- Ns Ux
 remote systems may contain single linefeeds;
 when an ascii type transfer is made, these linefeeds may be
 distinguished from a record delimiter only when
 .Ic \&cr
 is off.
 .It Ic delete Ar remote-file
 Delete the file
 .Ar remote-file
 on the remote machine.
 .It Ic dir Op Ar remote-path Op Ar local-file
 Print a listing of the contents of a
 directory on the remote machine.
 The listing includes any system-dependent information that the server
 chooses to include; for example, most
 .Ux
 systems will produce
 output from the command
 .Ql ls \-l .
 If
 .Ar remote-path
 is left unspecified, the current working directory is used.
 If interactive prompting is on,
 .Nm
 will prompt the user to verify that the last argument is indeed the
 target local file for receiving
 .Ic dir
 output.
 If no local file is specified, or if
 .Ar local-file
 is
 .Sq Fl ,
 the output is sent to the terminal.
 .It Ic disconnect
 A synonym for
 .Ic close .
 .It Ic edit
 Toggle command line editing, and context sensitive command and file
 completion.
 This is automatically enabled if input is from a terminal, and
 disabled otherwise.
 .It Ic epsv epsv4 epsv6
 Toggle the use of the extended
 .Dv EPSV
 and
 .Dv EPRT
 commands on all IP, IPv4, and IPv6 connections respectively.
 First try
 .Dv EPSV /
 .Dv EPRT ,
 and then
 .Dv PASV /
 .Dv PORT .
 This is enabled by default.
 If an extended command fails then this option will be temporarily
 disabled for the duration of the current connection, or until
 .Ic epsv ,
 .Ic epsv4 ,
 or
 .Ic epsv6
 is executed again.
 .It Ic exit
 A synonym for
 .Ic bye .
 .It Ic features
 Display what features the remote server supports (using the
 .Dv FEAT
 command).
 .It Ic fget Ar localfile
 Retrieve the files listed in
 .Ar localfile ,
 which has one line per filename.
 .It Ic form Ar format
 Set the file transfer
 .Ic form
 to
 .Ar format .
 The default (and only supported)
 format is
 .Dq non-print .
 .It Ic ftp Ar host Op Ar port
 A synonym for
 .Ic open .
 .It Ic ftp_debug Op Ar ftp_debug-value
 Toggle debugging mode.
 If an optional
 .Ar ftp_debug-value
 is specified it is used to set the debugging level.
 When debugging is on,
 .Nm
 prints each command sent to the remote machine, preceded
 by the string
 .Ql \-\-> .
 .It Ic gate Op Ar host Op Ar port
 Toggle gate-ftp mode, which used to connect through the
 TIS FWTK and Gauntlet ftp proxies.
 This will not be permitted if the gate-ftp server hasn't been set
 (either explicitly by the user, or from the
 .Ev FTPSERVER
 environment variable).
 If
 .Ar host
 is given,
 then gate-ftp mode will be enabled, and the gate-ftp server will be set to
 .Ar host .
 If
 .Ar port
 is also given, that will be used as the port to connect to on the
 gate-ftp server.
 .It Ic get Ar remote-file Op Ar local-file
 Retrieve the
 .Ar remote-file
 and store it on the local machine.
 If the local
 file name is not specified, it is given the same
 name it has on the remote machine, subject to
 alteration by the current
 .Ic case  ,
 .Ic ntrans ,
 and
 .Ic nmap
 settings.
 The current settings for
 .Ic type  ,
 .Ic form ,
 .Ic mode  ,
 and
 .Ic structure
 are used while transferring the file.
 .It Ic glob
 Toggle filename expansion for
 .Ic mdelete  ,
 .Ic mget ,
 .Ic mput ,
 and
 .Ic mreget .
 If globbing is turned off with
 .Ic glob  ,
 the file name arguments
 are taken literally and not expanded.
 Globbing for
 .Ic mput
 is done as in
 .Xr csh 1 .
 For
 .Ic mdelete ,
 .Ic mget ,
 and
 .Ic mreget ,
 each remote file name is expanded
 separately on the remote machine and the lists are not merged.
 Expansion of a directory name is likely to be
 different from expansion of the name of an ordinary file:
 the exact result depends on the foreign operating system and ftp server,
 and can be previewed by doing
 .Ql mls remote-files \-
 Note:
 .Ic mget ,
 .Ic mput
 and
 .Ic mreget
 are not meant to transfer
 entire directory subtrees of files.
 That can be done by
 transferring a
 .Xr tar 1
 archive of the subtree (in binary mode).
 .It Ic hash Op Ar size
 Toggle hash-sign
 .Pq Sq #
 printing for each data block transferred.
 The size of a data block defaults to 1024 bytes.
 This can be changed by specifying
 .Ar size
 in bytes.
 Enabling
 .Ic hash
 disables
 .Ic progress .
 .It Ic help Op Ar command
 Print an informative message about the meaning of
 .Ar command .
 If no argument is given,
 .Nm
 prints a list of the known commands.
 .It Ic idle Op Ar seconds
 Set the inactivity timer on the remote server to
 .Ar seconds
 seconds.
 If
 .Ar seconds
 is omitted, the current inactivity timer is printed.
 .It Ic image
 A synonym for
 .Ic binary .
 .It Ic lcd Op Ar directory
 Change the working directory on the local machine.
 If
 no
 .Ar directory
 is specified, the user's home directory is used.
 .It Ic less Ar file
 A synonym for
 .Ic page .
 .It Ic lpage Ar local-file
 Display
 .Ar local-file
 with the program specified by the
 .Ic "set pager"
 option.
 .It Ic lpwd
 Print the working directory on the local machine.
 .It Ic \&ls Op Ar remote-path Op Ar local-file
 A synonym for
 .Ic dir .
 .It Ic macdef Ar macro-name
 Define a macro.
 Subsequent lines are stored as the macro
 .Ar macro-name  ;
 a null line (consecutive newline characters in a file or carriage
 returns from the terminal) terminates macro input mode.
 There is a limit of 16 macros and 4096 total characters in all
 defined macros.
 Macro names can be a maximum of 8 characters.
 Macros are only applicable to the current session they are
 defined within (or if defined outside a session, to the session
 invoked with the next
 .Ic open
 command), and remain defined until a
 .Ic close
 command is executed.
 To invoke a macro, use the
 .Ic $
 command (see above).
 .Pp
 The macro processor interprets
 .Sq $
 and
 .Sq \e
 as special characters.
+A
 .Sq $
 followed by a number (or numbers) is replaced by the
 corresponding argument on the macro invocation command line.
+A
 .Sq $
 followed by an
 .Sq i
 signals the macro processor that the executing macro is to be
 looped.
 On the first pass
 .Dq $i
 is replaced by the first argument on the macro invocation command
 line, on the second pass it is replaced by the second argument,
 and so on.
+A
 .Sq \e
 followed by any character is replaced by that character.
 Use the
 .Sq \e
 to prevent special treatment of the
 .Sq $ .
 .It Ic mdelete Op Ar remote-files
 Delete the
 .Ar remote-files
 on the remote machine.
 .It Ic mdir Ar remote-files local-file
 Like
 .Ic dir  ,
 except multiple remote files may be specified.
 If interactive prompting is on,
 .Nm
 will prompt the user to verify that the last argument is indeed the
 target local file for receiving
 .Ic mdir
 output.
 .It Ic mget Ar remote-files
 Expand the
 .Ar remote-files
 on the remote machine
 and do a
 .Ic get
 for each file name thus produced.
 See
 .Ic glob
 for details on the filename expansion.
 Resulting file names will then be processed according to
 .Ic case  ,
 .Ic ntrans ,
 and
 .Ic nmap
 settings.
 Files are transferred into the local working directory,
 which can be changed with
 .Ql lcd directory ;
 new local directories can be created with
 .Ql "\&! mkdir directory" .
 .It Ic mkdir Ar directory-name
 Make a directory on the remote machine.
 .It Ic mls Ar remote-files local-file
 Like
 .Ic ls  ,
 except multiple remote files may be specified,
 and the
 .Ar local-file
 must be specified.
 If interactive prompting is on,
 .Nm
 will prompt the user to verify that the last argument is indeed the
 target local file for receiving
 .Ic mls
 output.
 .It Ic mlsd Op Ar remote-path
 Display the contents of
 .Ar remote-path
 (which should default to the current directory if not given)
 in a machine-parsable form, using
 .Dv MLSD .
 The format of display can be changed with
 .Sq "remopts mlst ..." .
 .It Ic mlst Op Ar remote-path
 Display the details about
 .Ar remote-path
 (which should default to the current directory if not given)
 in a machine-parsable form, using
 .Dv MLST .
 The format of display can be changed with
 .Sq "remopts mlst ..." .
 .It Ic mode Ar mode-name
 Set the file transfer
 .Ic mode
 to
 .Ar mode-name .
 The default (and only supported)
 mode is
 .Dq stream .
 .It Ic modtime Ar remote-file
 Show the last modification time of the file on the remote machine, in
 .Li RFC 2822
 format.
 .It Ic more Ar file
 A synonym for
 .Ic page .
 .It Ic mput Ar local-files
 Expand wild cards in the list of local files given as arguments
 and do a
 .Ic put
 for each file in the resulting list.
 See
 .Ic glob
 for details of filename expansion.
 Resulting file names will then be processed according to
 .Ic ntrans
 and
 .Ic nmap
 settings.
 .It Ic mreget Ar remote-files
 As per
 .Ic mget ,
 but performs a
 .Ic reget
 instead of
 .Ic get .
 .It Ic msend Ar local-files
 A synonym for
 .Ic mput .
 .It Ic newer Ar remote-file Op Ar local-file
 Get the file only if the modification time of the remote file is more
 recent that the file on the current system.
 If the file does not
 exist on the current system, the remote file is considered
 .Ic newer .
 Otherwise, this command is identical to
 .Ar get .
 .It Ic nlist Op Ar remote-path Op Ar local-file
 A synonym for
 .Ic ls .
 .It Ic nmap Op Ar inpattern outpattern
 Set or unset the filename mapping mechanism.
 If no arguments are specified, the filename mapping mechanism is unset.
 If arguments are specified, remote filenames are mapped during
 .Ic mput
 commands and
 .Ic put
 commands issued without a specified remote target filename.
 If arguments are specified, local filenames are mapped during
 .Ic mget
 commands and
 .Ic get
 commands issued without a specified local target filename.
 This command is useful when connecting to a
 .No non\- Ns Ux
 remote computer
 with different file naming conventions or practices.
 The mapping follows the pattern set by
 .Ar inpattern
 and
 .Ar outpattern .
 .Op Ar Inpattern
 is a template for incoming filenames (which may have already been
 processed according to the
 .Ic ntrans
 and
 .Ic case
 settings).
 Variable templating is accomplished by including the
 sequences
 .Dq $1 ,
 .Dq $2 ,
 \&...
 .Dq $9
 in
 .Ar inpattern .
 Use
 .Sq \e
 to prevent this special treatment of the
 .Sq $
 character.
 All other characters are treated literally, and are used to determine the
 .Ic nmap
 .Op Ar inpattern
 variable values.
 For example, given
 .Ar inpattern
 $1.$2 and the remote file name "mydata.data", $1 would have the value
 "mydata", and $2 would have the value "data".
 The
 .Ar outpattern
 determines the resulting mapped filename.
 The sequences
 .Dq $1 ,
 .Dq $2 ,
 \&...
 .Dq $9
 are replaced by any value resulting from the
 .Ar inpattern
 template.
 The sequence
 .Dq $0
 is replaced by the original filename.
 Additionally, the sequence
 .Dq Op Ar seq1 , Ar seq2
 is replaced by
 .Op Ar seq1
 if
 .Ar seq1
 is not a null string; otherwise it is replaced by
 .Ar seq2 .
 For example, the command
 .Pp
 .Bd -literal -offset indent -compact
 nmap $1.$2.$3 [$1,$2].[$2,file]
 .Ed
 .Pp
 would yield
 the output filename "myfile.data" for input filenames "myfile.data" and
 "myfile.data.old", "myfile.file" for the input filename "myfile", and
 "myfile.myfile" for the input filename ".myfile".
 Spaces may be included in
 .Ar outpattern  ,
 as in the example:
 .Dl nmap $1 sed "s/  *$//" > $1
 Use the
 .Sq \e
 character to prevent special treatment
 of the
 .Sq $ ,
 .Sq \&[ ,
 .Sq \&] ,
 and
 .Sq \&,
 characters.
 .It Ic ntrans Op Ar inchars Op Ar outchars
 Set or unset the filename character translation mechanism.
 If no arguments are specified, the filename character
 translation mechanism is unset.
 If arguments are specified, characters in
 remote filenames are translated during
 .Ic mput
 commands and
 .Ic put
 commands issued without a specified remote target filename.
 If arguments are specified, characters in
 local filenames are translated during
 .Ic mget
 commands and
 .Ic get
 commands issued without a specified local target filename.
 This command is useful when connecting to a
 .No non\- Ns Ux
 remote computer
 with different file naming conventions or practices.
 Characters in a filename matching a character in
 .Ar inchars
 are replaced with the corresponding character in
 .Ar outchars .
 If the character's position in
 .Ar inchars
 is longer than the length of
 .Ar outchars  ,
 the character is deleted from the file name.
 .It Ic open Ar host Op Ar port
 Establish a connection to the specified
 .Ar host
 .Tn FTP
 server.
 An optional port number may be supplied,
 in which case,
 .Nm
 will attempt to contact an
 .Tn FTP
 server at that port.
 If the
 .Ic "set auto-login"
 option is on (default),
 .Nm
 will also attempt to automatically log the user in to
 the
 .Tn FTP
 server (see below).
 .It Ic page Ar file
 Retrieve
 .Ic file
 and display with the program specified by the
 .Ic "set pager"
 option.
 .It Ic passive Op Cm auto
 Toggle passive mode (if no arguments are given).
 If
 .Cm auto
 is given, act as if
 .Ev FTPMODE
 is set to
 .Sq auto .
 If passive mode is turned on (default),
 .Nm
 will send a
 .Dv PASV
 command for all data connections instead of a
 .Dv PORT
 command.
 The
 .Dv PASV
 command requests that the remote server open a port for the data connection
 and return the address of that port.
 The remote server listens on that port and the client connects to it.
 When using the more traditional
 .Dv PORT
 command, the client listens on a port and sends that address to the remote
 server, who connects back to it.
 Passive mode is useful when using
 .Nm
 through a gateway router or host that controls the directionality of
 traffic.
 (Note that though
 .Tn FTP
 servers are required to support the
 .Dv PASV
 command by
 .Li RFC 1123 ,
 some do not.)
 .It Ic pdir Op Ar remote-path
 Perform
 .Ic dir
 .Op Ar remote-path ,
 and display the result with the program specified by the
 .Ic "set pager"
 option.
 .It Ic pls Op Ar remote-path
 Perform
 .Ic ls
 .Op Ar remote-path ,
 and display the result with the program specified by the
 .Ic "set pager"
 option.
 .It Ic pmlsd Op Ar remote-path
 Perform
 .Ic mlsd
 .Op Ar remote-path ,
 and display the result with the program specified by the
 .Ic "set pager"
 option.
 .It Ic preserve
 Toggle preservation of modification times on retrieved files.
 .It Ic progress
 Toggle display of transfer progress bar.
 The progress bar will be disabled for a transfer that has
 .Ar local-file
 as
 .Sq Fl
 or a command that starts with
 .Sq \&| .
 Refer to
 .Sx FILE NAMING CONVENTIONS
 for more information.
 Enabling
 .Ic progress
 disables
 .Ic hash .
 .It Ic prompt
 Toggle interactive prompting.
 Interactive prompting
 occurs during multiple file transfers to allow the
 user to selectively retrieve or store files.
 If prompting is turned off (default is on), any
 .Ic mget
 or
 .Ic mput
 will transfer all files, and any
 .Ic mdelete
 will delete all files.
 .Pp
 When prompting is on, the following commands are available at a prompt:
 .Bl -tag -width 2n -offset indent
 .It Cm a
 Answer
 .Sq yes
 to the current file, and automatically answer
 .Sq yes
 to any remaining files for the current command.
 .It Cm n
 Answer
 .Sq no ,
 and do not transfer the file.
 .It Cm p
 Answer
 .Sq yes
 to the current file, and turn off prompt mode
 (as is
 .Dq prompt off
 had been given).
 .It Cm q
 Terminate the current operation.
 .It Cm y
 Answer
 .Sq yes ,
 and transfer the file.
 .It Cm \&?
 Display a help message.
 .El
 .Pp
 Any other response will answer
 .Sq yes
 to the current file.
 .It Ic proxy Ar ftp-command
 Execute an ftp command on a secondary control connection.
 This command allows simultaneous connection to two remote
 .Tn FTP
 servers for transferring files between the two servers.
 The first
 .Ic proxy
 command should be an
 .Ic open  ,
 to establish the secondary control connection.
 Enter the command "proxy ?" to see other
 .Tn FTP
 commands executable on the secondary connection.
 The following commands behave differently when prefaced by
 .Ic proxy  :
 .Ic open
 will not define new macros during the auto-login process,
 .Ic close
 will not erase existing macro definitions,
 .Ic get
 and
 .Ic mget
 transfer files from the host on the primary control connection
 to the host on the secondary control connection, and
 .Ic put  ,
 .Ic mput ,
 and
 .Ic append
 transfer files from the host on the secondary control connection
 to the host on the primary control connection.
 Third party file transfers depend upon support of the
 .Tn FTP
 protocol
 .Dv PASV
 command by the server on the secondary control connection.
 .It Ic put Ar local-file Op Ar remote-file
 Store a local file on the remote machine.
 If
 .Ar remote-file
 is left unspecified, the local file name is used
 after processing according to any
 .Ic ntrans
 or
 .Ic nmap
 settings
 in naming the remote file.
 File transfer uses the
 current settings for
 .Ic type  ,
 .Ic format ,
 .Ic mode  ,
 and
 .Ic structure .
 .It Ic pwd
 Print the name of the current working directory on the remote
 machine.
 .It Ic quit
 A synonym for
 .Ic bye .
 .It Ic quote Ar arg1 arg2 ...
 The arguments specified are sent, verbatim, to the remote
 .Tn FTP
 server.
 .It Ic rate Ar direction Oo Ar maximum Oo Ar increment Oc Oc
 Throttle the maximum transfer rate to
 .Ar maximum
 bytes/second.
 If
 .Ar maximum
 is 0, disable the throttle.
 .Pp
 .Ar direction
 may be one of:
 .Bl -tag -width "all" -offset indent -compact
 .It Cm all
 Both directions.
 .It Cm get
 Incoming transfers.
 .It Cm put
 Outgoing transfers.
 .El
 .Pp
 .Ar maximum
 can be modified on the fly by
 .Ar increment
 bytes (default: 1024) each time a given signal is received:
 .Bl -tag -width "SIGUSR1" -offset indent
 .It Dv SIGUSR1
 Increment
 .Ar maximum
 by
 .Ar increment
 bytes.
 .It Dv SIGUSR2
 Decrement
 .Ar maximum
 by
 .Ar increment
 bytes.
 The result must be a positive number.
 .El
 .Pp
 If
 .Ar maximum
 is not supplied, the current throttle rates are displayed.
 .Pp
 Note:
 .Ic rate
 is not yet implemented for ascii mode transfers.
 .It Ic rcvbuf Ar size
 Set the size of the socket receive buffer to
 .Ar size .
 .It Ic recv Ar remote-file Op Ar local-file
 A synonym for
 .Ic get .
 .It Ic reget Ar remote-file Op Ar local-file
 .Ic reget
 acts like
 .Ic get ,
 except that if
 .Ar local-file
 exists and is
 smaller than
 .Ar remote-file  ,
 .Ar local-file
 is presumed to be
 a partially transferred copy of
 .Ar remote-file
 and the transfer
 is continued from the apparent point of failure.
 This command
 is useful when transferring very large files over networks that
 are prone to dropping connections.
 .It Ic remopts Ar command Op Ar command-options
 Set options on the remote
 .Tn FTP
 server for
 .Ar command
 to
 .Ar command-options
 (whose absence is handled on a command-specific basis).
 Remote
 .Tn FTP
 commands known to support options include:
 .Sq MLST
 (used for
 .Dv MLSD
 and
 .Dv MLST ) .
 .It Ic rename Op Ar from Op Ar to
 Rename the file
 .Ar from
 on the remote machine, to the file
 .Ar to .
 .It Ic reset
 Clear reply queue.
 This command re-synchronizes command/reply sequencing with the remote
 .Tn FTP
 server.
 Resynchronization may be necessary following a violation of the
 .Tn FTP
 protocol by the remote server.
 .It Ic restart Ar marker
 Restart the immediately following
 .Ic get
 or
 .Ic put
 at the
 indicated
 .Ar marker .
 On
 .Ux
 systems, marker is usually a byte
 offset into the file.
 .It Ic rhelp Op Ar command-name
 Request help from the remote
 .Tn FTP
 server.
 If a
 .Ar command-name
 is specified it is supplied to the server as well.
 .It Ic rmdir Ar directory-name
 Delete a directory on the remote machine.
 .It Ic rstatus Op Ar remote-file
 With no arguments, show status of remote machine.
 If
 .Ar remote-file
 is specified, show status of
 .Ar remote-file
 on remote machine.
 .It Ic runique
 Toggle storing of files on the local system with unique filenames.
 If a file already exists with a name equal to the target
 local filename for a
 .Ic get
 or
 .Ic mget
 command, a ".1" is appended to the name.
 If the resulting name matches another existing file,
 a ".2" is appended to the original name.
 If this process continues up to ".99", an error
 message is printed, and the transfer does not take place.
 The generated unique filename will be reported.
 Note that